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"Fantastic to work with. Linda's timely, thoughtful and has a deep knowledge of the industry.”

Client Feedback, Chambers USA, 2021

Overview

Linda focuses on regulatory issues affecting the electric utility industry nationwide.

Linda counsels and advocates for clients on a broad range of federal regulations covering electric utilities. Her experience representing utilities before FERC informs strategies for clients developing new business opportunities, handling compliance matters or faced with litigation. Linda advises on regulatory issues in connection with:

  • Transmission rate proceedings
  • Order No. 1000 transmission planning and development
  • Section 203 acquisitions and dispositions
  • Centralized service company requirements
  • Standards of conduct issues
  • Merchant generation interconnection issues
  • Market-based rate applications
  • Qualifying Facility (QF) certifications
  • Utility reporting requirements
  • Interlocking director applications
  • Public Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA) requirements

Linda also prepares transmission rate filings under the Federal Power Act (FPA) to establish forward-looking formula-based rate and incentive-rate treatments favorable to clients. She guides clients through North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) matters, as well as interconnection and regulatory issues underlying corporate and financial transactions in the energy sector. She provides policy advice on issues covered by the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), net metering and the reliability results of environmental regulations.

"Fantastic to work with. Linda's timely, thoughtful and has a deep knowledge of the industry.”

Client Feedback, Chambers USA, 2021

Industry

Services

Recognition

  • Chambers, Energy: Electricity (Regulatory & Litigation)
    • USA-Nationwide, 2009-2015, 2018-2022
    • Global Guide, 2019-2022
  • Super Lawyers, Washington, DC, Energy & Natural Resources Law, 2007-2010, 2013-2020
  • The Best Lawyers in America®, Energy Law, 2016-2023; Energy Regulatory Law, 2023
  • Public Utilities Fortnightly, “Top Utility Lawyer,” 2011

Education

  • J.D., Syracuse University College of Law
    • cum laude
  • M.A., University of Hartford
    • Economics
  • B.A., University of Connecticut

Admissions

  • District of Columbia
  • Connecticut
  • New York

Professional Memberships and Certifications

  • Foundation of the Energy Law Journal, President, 2018-2019; Board of Directors, Secretary, 2014-2016 
  • Energy Bar Association’s Environmental Regulation Committee, Chair, 2015-2016
  • Charitable Foundation of the Energy Bar Association, President, 2007-2008
  • Energy Bar Association, Board of Directors, 2001-2004; Chair, Committee on System Reliability, Planning and Compliance, 2008-2009
Experience

Transmission Formula Based Rate

  • Provides analysis and advice regarding potential regulatory or other legal barriers to entry by non-incumbent developers under state and federal laws and regulations.
  • Prepared initial FERC filings to establish a forward-looking transmission formula based rates for new transmission companies in the Midwest and PJM. Prepared requests for incentive rates under FPA Section 219 and obtained FERC approval for enhanced ROE, recovery of CWIP in rate base, abandonment cost recovery and a hypothetical capital structure.
  • Provides advice and representation in connection with Order No. 1000 compliance filing proceedings, appellate proceedings and implementation processes in various RTO/ISO and non-RTO regions.
  • Obtained FPA Section 204 authorizations for the issuance of debt, prepared Section 203 filings for the acquisition of facilities, and prepared Section 205 filings for approval of incentive rate treatments.
  • Obtained FERC approval for a newly formulated “forward-looking” formula based rate that has since become routine.
  • Prepared Section 205 formula-based rate filing to revise MISO’s Attachment O transmission rate formula to include a temporary adjustment for the rate recovery of deferred costs associated with an enhanced vegetation management program in the Midwest following FERC’s bulk power reliability policy initiative.

NERC/Reliability

  • Represented clients in matters involving the development of, and compliance with, NERC’s mandatory electric reliability standards.
  • Assisted a large transmission operator in developing policies to govern the allocation of NERC-imposed penalties within its region.
  • Represented clients in confidential NERC audits and compliance violation investigations.
  • Advise clients on Compliance Registry issues, standards compliance, penalty liability, hearing and audit issues, and monitoring the development of NERC and Regional Entity compliance and enforcement programs.

Compliance and Enforcement

  • Advise clients on FERC compliance and enforcement matters, including operational audits, nonpublic investigations, and self-reports.
  • Provide guidance on requirements set forth in FERC's enforcement and compliance policy statements and assist regulated companies to develop, implement and defend comprehensive internal FERC compliance programs.
  • Represented electric utility clients in the development of corporate governance programs designed to adequately identify, prioritize and support compliance with applicable FERC regulatory obligations.

Policy Issues/Legislation

  • Advised electric utilities in matters pending before Congress related to energy and environmental policy, including EPA’s Clean Power Plan, PURPA reform, baseload generation cost recovery issues, grid reliability, integration of distributed generation and net metering policies.
  • Advised clients on FERC rulemakings and other policy initiatives involving transmission, generation and procedural issues.

RTO/ISO Issues

  • Prepared filing and supporting materials for approval of liability limitation provisions in RTO open access transmission tariff.
  • Prepared Section 205 filing for RTO recovery/pass-through of NERC penalty costs.
  • Advised and participated in settlement proceedings regarding the Reliability Pricing Model proposal for capacity markets in PJM.

Generation

  • Advise renewable energy project developers, investors and lenders on FPA Section 203 asset transfer rules, Section 205 rate authorizations, QF regulations, and PURPA enforcement issues.
  • Advise financial institutions on issues surrounding potential divestiture (or retention) of FERC-jurisdictional transmission assets and termination of investments in independent generation facilities.
  • Prepare Section 205 filings for market-based rate authority and related filings for Exempt Wholesale Generator Status; prepared market-based rate triennial update filings.
  • Provide general FERC-related advice regarding generation interconnection issues and operation and maintenance issues regarding restructuring of projects turned back to lenders. Prepared FPA Section 203 filing for approval of transfer of leased generation facilities and declaratory order application for project owner to attain passive ownership status.

Corporate Regulatory Issues

  • Regularly provide advice to clients on utility compliance and reporting requirements regarding PUHCA, interlocking director requirements, centralized service company issues, standards of conduct, and affiliate cross-subsidization issues; Obtained FERC “No-Action” letter regarding standards of conduct issues in connection with a transmission-related regional reliability training program.
  • Advised on various merger and other corporate transactions involving traditional utilities, holding companies, independent power producers, and market participants with particular emphasis on Federal Power Act, Section 203 issues, market structure analysis, Qualifying Facility (QF) issues, and PUHCA 2005 issues.
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